Dunning-Kruger Effect – a cognitive bias where individuals with low ability, knowledge, or expertise on a topic of interest will overestimate their competence. Lack of self-awareness prevents the member from assessing their own skills accurately. While highly competent individuals will underestimate their abilities, assuming that tasks which are easy for them are also easy for others.
Bias – When an individual leans towards one side of something, often without realizing they are doing it. It is common in how people think, make decision, or treat others. It is derived from experiences, culture, or habits and is likely to lead to mistakes or unfair judgements.
Cognitive Bias – A mental shortcut that leads to errors in judgement or decision-making. Occurs when the brain attempts to process information quickly, often relying on past experiences of the individual, emotions, or assumptions instead of objective reasoning. Leads to people overlooking facts or making irrational choices.
Confirmation Bias – The tendency to seek out, interpret, and remember information that works to bolster preconceived beliefs. Will lead to the individual ignoring facts and information that contradicts their thoughts.
Anchoring – A bias by which a member will latch onto the first piece of information available and attempt to attach every piece of further evidence to that specific instance.
Cultural Bias – The tendency to interpret and judge people, events, or situations based on the individual’s own cultural background, values, and norms. The individual will likely ignore different cultural perspectives.
Linear Thinking – A thought process that follow a step-by-step progression, where each decision follow from the previous one. It focuses on clear cause-and-effect relationships and a sequential approach to reaching a conclusion.
Non-Linear Thinking – Thought process that moves in multiple directions rather than following a straight path. It invokes creativity, intuition, and the ability to see connections between unrelated ideas.
Sensemaking – The processes by which an individual interprets complex information or events to create meaning.
Romanticism – Is a mindset that prioritizes emotion, intuition, and idealism over logic and rational analysis. This often values beauty, individuality, and deep personal experiences over all others.
Enlightenment – The state of gaining deep understanding, wisdom, or insight, often related to personal growth, philosophy or spiritual awakening.
Lateral Thinking – A problem-solving approach that involves looking at situations from new unconventional angles instead of following the traditional step-by-step process. Creativity, out-of-the-box thinking, and the ability to connect seemingly unrelated ideas to find innovative solutions.
Vertical Thinking – A logical, step-by-step approach to problem-solving. It relies on analyzing facts that are known, applying rules, and then systematically work toward a solution. Focuses on depth, precision, and efficiency in reasoning.
Finite Game – A structured activity with fixed rules, a clear defined ending, and winners and losers. The goal is to achieve a specific outcome within set boundaries.
Infinite Game – An ongoing activity with evolving rules, no ending in sight, in which the goal is to continuously play rather than coming to an end.
System 1 Thinking – Fast, automatic, and intuitive decision making based on instincts and experiences. Requires little effort but can be prone to biases and errors.
System 2 Thinking – Slow, deliberate and analytical decision making that requires effort and logical reasoning. Used to solve complex problems but takes more time and energy.
Mental Model – Frameworks of thought patterns that help individuals understand and interpret the world around the. They shape decision making, problem-solving, and how individuals process information.
Course Of Action – A planned sequence of steps or decisions taken to achieve a specific goal or resolve a problem.
Complex – Having multiple interconnected parts, making something difficult to understand, analyze or solve.
Complicated – Having many detailed, interrelated parts that require expertise or effort to understand, but can ultimately be solved with a correct approach.